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Amylase, a-, Aspergillus oryzae CAS:9001-19-8 Utu a te Kaihanga
AmHe whākōkī te ylase e āwhina ana i te wawahi i te māngaro ki ngā huka māmā ake pērā i te maltose me te glucose. He mea hanga noa e ngā momo rauropi, tae atu ki ngā huakita, ngā harore, me ngā tipu.
Ko te "a-" i roto i te "a-amylase" e pā ana ki te momo amylase e whakawhaiti ana i ngā here alpha-1,4 glycosidic o roto i te ngota māngaro. Ka hua ake tēnei i te whakaputanga o ngā polysaccharides mekameka poto ake, ka taea te wawahi anō ki te hukahuka e ētahi atu whākōkī amylase.
Ko te Aspergillus oryzae he momo harore miro e mōhiotia ana mō tōna kaha ki te whakaputa i te nui o te amylase. He mea whakamahi noa i roto i ngā tukanga whakaputa whākōkī ahumahi nā tōna kaha amylolytic. Ko ngā whākōkī i hangaia e te Aspergillus oryzae, tae atu ki te α-amylase, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā ahumahi maha, pērā i te kai, te hanga pia, te kakahu, me te hanga hopi.
I roto i te umanga kai, ko te α-amylase i ahu mai i te Aspergillus oryzae e whakamahia ana i roto i te tunu kai, te hanga pia, me te tukatuka māngaro. Ka āwhina i te wawahi i te māngaro i roto i te paraoa pokepoke, te molt, me ētahi atu rauemi mata, ka āwhina i te hurihanga o ngā warowaihā matatini ki ngā huka māmā ka taea te whakapūtā e te rewena, e te huakita rānei i te wā whakapūtā. Ka whakamahia hoki tēnei whākōkī i roto i te hanga kakahu hei āwhina i te tango i ngā kaihoko rahi e ahu mai ana i te māngaro mai i ngā kakahu.
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Aprotinin CAS:9087-70-1 Utu Kaihanga
He ārai pūmua tūturu te Aprotinin mō ngā momo whākōkī proteolytic, tae atu ki te trypsin, te chymotrypsin, me te plasmin. He mea whakamahi noa i roto i ngā wāhi hauora, inā koa i roto i ngā pokanga ngakau, hei whakaiti i te toto me te ngaronga o te toto. Ka mahi te Aprotinin mā te aukati i te mahi a ēnei whākōkī, e whai wāhi ana ki te pakaru o ngā toto toto me te pakaru o te fibrin, he pūmua e āwhina ana i te hanganga toto toto. Mā te aukati i te nui o te mahi whākōkī, ka āwhina te aprotinin ki te pupuri i te pumau o ngā toto toto toto, ā, ka whakaiti i ngā raruraru toto i te wā pokanga.
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Thrombin CAS:9002-04-4 Utu Kaihanga
Ko te Thrombin he whākōkī matua e uru ana ki te toto totoka, e mōhiotia ana ko te toto totoka. Ka puta mai i tōna pūmua matua, te prothrombin, hei whakautu ki te whara, ki te kino rānei o ngā oko toto. He mahi nui tā te Thrombin i roto i te hanganga o te toto totoka, e āwhina ana ki te aukati i te toto nui me te whakatairanga i te whakaora patunga.
Kia whakahohehia, ka hurihia e te thrombin te fibrinogen, tētahi atu pūmua i roto i te toto, hei fibrin. Ka hangaia e te fibrin he hanganga rite ki te mata e mau ana i ngā pereti toto me ngā toto whero, ka hanga he toto toto pumau. Ka whakahohehia hoki e te thrombin ētahi atu āhuatanga toto totoka, ka whakanui ake i te tukanga toto totoka.
Haunga tōna mahi i roto i te hanganga toto totoka, he mahi nui anō tā te thrombin. Ka whakatairanga i te whakaora patunga mā te whakaoho i te hekenga me te tipu o ngā pūtau e whai wāhi ana ki te whakatikatika kiko. Ka mahi anō hoki te thrombin hei ārai toto, ka whakawhāiti i ngā oko toto, ka whakaiti i te rere o te toto ki te wāhi i whara ai.
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Urease CAS:9002-13-5 Utu Kaihanga
Ko te Urease he whākōkī e whakateretere ana i te waikura o te urease hei haukini me te hauhā waro. Ka whakaputaina e ngā momo moroiti, tae atu ki ngā huakita, ngā harore, me ngā tipu. He mea nui te Urease mō te pākia o te hauota, ā, he mahi nui tana i roto i ngā momo tukanga koiora, pērā i te waikura o te urease i roto i ngā whatukuhu me te whakauru hauota i roto i ngā tipu. He tono ahumahi anō hoki, tae atu ki te tātaritanga o ngā huakita whakaputa urease, ngā maniua e hangai ana ki te urease, me te kimi i ngā aukati urease hei rongoā i ētahi mate hauora.
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Leupeptin hemisulfate CAS:103476-89-7
Ko te Leupeptin hemisulfate he aukati protease e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā rangahau matū koiora me te hauora. I ahu mai i ngā huakita Streptomyces, ā, ka mahi mā te aukati i te mahi a ngā momo protease, tae atu ki te trypsin, te chymotrypsin, me te plasmin.
He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia te leupeptin hemisulfate i roto i ngā whakamātautau taiwhanga hei ārai i te pirau pūmua kāore e hiahiatia, nā te mea ka taea e ngā protease te whakangaro i ngā pūmua me ngā peptide, ka pā ki ngā hua o ngā whakamātautau. Mā te aukati i te mahi protease, ka āwhina te leupeptin hemisulfate ki te whakau i ngā pūmua me te pupuri i tō rātou āhua i roto i ngā whakamātautau.
Hei tāpiri, kua whakamahia te leupeptin hemisulfate i roto i ngā rangahau ahurea pūtau hei tirotiro i ngā mahi a ngā proteases i roto i ngā tukanga pūtau, pērā i te tohu pūtau, te apoptosis, me te huringa pūmua.
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Lipase mai i te repeure poaka CAS:9001-62-1
He whākōkī te Lipase e whakateretere ana i te waikura o ngā ngako, inā koa te pakaru o ngā triglycerides ki ngā waikawa ngako me te glycerol. Ka whakaputaina e ngā momo rauropi, tae atu ki ngā kararehe, ngā tipu, me ngā moroiti. He mahi nui tā te Lipase i roto i te nakunaku, nā te mea ka āwhina i te pakaru me te mimiti o ngā ngako kai i roto i te whekau iti. Hei tāpiri, he maha ngā whakamahinga o te lipase i roto i ngā ahumahi pēnei i te tukatuka kai, te hanga hopi horoi, ngā rongoā, me te hanga wahie koiora. Nā tōna kaha ki te waikura i ngā ngako ka whai hua mō ngā mahi pēnei i te whakarerekētanga ngako, te whakarei ake i te reka, me te tango hinu.
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Lysostaphin CAS:9011-93-2 Utu Kaihanga
He whākōkī paturopi kaha te Lysostaphin e aro ana, e patu ana hoki i te Staphylococcus aureus, he huakita e puta ai ngā mate maha i roto i te tangata. I ahu mai i te huakita Staphylococcus simulans, ā, he kaha ki te wawahi i te pakitara pūtau o te S. aureus, ka mutu ka whakangaromia.
Ka aro nui te whākōkī ki te paparanga peptidoglycan o te pakitara pūtau huakita, ka whakararuraru i tōna hanganga, ka puta ai te pakaru o te huakita. Nā tēnei tikanga mahi ahurei ka tino whai hua te lysostaphin ki ngā momo S. aureus, tae atu ki ērā e ātete ana ki ngā paturopi e whakamahia whānuitia ana.
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L-Lactate dehydrogenase CAS:9001-60-9
Ko te L-Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) he whākōkī e whai wāhi nui ana ki te pākia o te pūngao pūtau, inā koa i roto i te huringa o te pyruvate ki te lactate. Ka whakatere i te huringa whakahurihuri o te L-lactate ki te pyruvate, mā te whakamahi i te NAD+ hei cofactor.
Kei roto i ngā kiko rerekē o te tinana te LDH, tae atu ki te ate, te ngākau, ngā uaua, me ngā toto whero. Ka taea e ōna taumata mahi te whakamahi hei tohu tātaritanga mō ētahi mate, pērā i te kino o te ate, te mate ngakau, me ētahi momo mate pukupuku.
Ko te mahi matua a te LDH he pupuri i te taurite o te pūngao pūtau mā te whakahaere i te hurihanga o te pyruvate, he hua o te glycolysis, ki te lactate. Ka puta tēnei tukanga, e mōhiotia ana ko te anaerobic glycolysis, i te korenga o te hāora, ā, ka taea e ngā pūtau te whakaputa tonu i te pūngao ina iti te tuku hāora.
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Pepsin CAS:9001-76-7 Utu Kaihanga
Ko te Pepsin he whākōkī nakunaku e kitea ana i roto i te puku, he mahi nui tāna i roto i te nakunaku me te wawahi i ngā pūmua. Nō roto i tētahi rōpū whākōkī e kiia nei ko ngā protease, e mahi ana ki te wawahi i ngā pūmua ki ngā peptide iti ake me ngā waikawa amino, kia taea ai te mimiti i roto i te whekau iti.
Ka hangaia te Pepsin, ka hunaia hoki e ngā pūtau e whakarārangi ana i te puku, e mōhiotia ana ko ngā pūtau matua, i roto i te āhua kore mahi e kiia nei ko te pepsinogen. Ina uru te kai ki roto i te puku, ka whakaoho i te tukunga o te waikawa puku, ka huri i te pepsinogen ki tōna āhua kaha, arā, te pepsin. Ka tino pai te mahi a te Pepsin i roto i te taiao waikawa, nā te mea ka āwhina te pH iti o te puku ki te whakahohe me te pupuri i tana mahi whākōkī.
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Tāpiringa Pūmua Kinase KT5823 CAS:126643-37-6
Ko te tāpiringa kinase pūmua KT5823 he aukati ngota iti e aro ana, e aukati ana hoki i te mahi kinase pūmua. Ko ngā kinase pūmua he whākōkī e whakapūhaumāota ana i ngā pūmua mā te tāpiri i ngā rōpū phosphate ki ngā toenga waikawa amino motuhake, ko te serine, te threonine, te tyrosine rānei te nuinga. He mahi nui tā tēnei tukanga whakapūhaumāota i roto i ngā ara tohu pūtau, e whakahaere ana i te mahi pūmua, me te whakahaere i ngā tukanga pūtau pēnei i te tipu pūtau, te wehenga, te rerekētanga, me te apoptosis.
E whakamahia whānuitia ana te KT5823 i roto i ngā rangahau hei tirotiro i te mahi me ngā ara tohu o ngā kinase pūmua. Mā te aukati i ngā kinase pūmua, ka taea e te KT5823 te āwhina i ngā kairangahau ki te whakatau i ngā pūmua me ngā ara motuhake e pāngia ana e te mahi kinase. Ka taea e ēnei mōhiohio te whai kiko ki te mārama ki te tūranga o ngā kinase pūmua i roto i ngā mahi pūtau, me te tautuhi pea i ngā whāinga rongoā hou.
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Piridoksal-5′-phosphate monohydrate CAS:41468-25-1
Ko te Pyridoxal-5′-phosphate monohydrate, e mōhiotia ana ko te PLP, te momo hohe o te huaora B6. He coenzyme nui e uru ana ki te whānuitanga o ngā tauhohenga whākōkī i roto i te tinana. He mahi nui tā te PLP i roto i te pākia o ngā waikawa amino, te hanga neurotransmitter, me te hanga o te heme, he wāhanga o te hemoglobin.
He mahi a te PLP hei coenzyme mā te herea ki ngā whākōkī motuhake, me te āwhina i ngā tauhohenga matū. He mahi whakakorikori, e āwhina ana i te hurihanga o ngā matū maha, pērā i ngā waikawa amino, ki ngā hua rerekē. He mea nui te PLP i roto i te pākia o ngā waikawa amino, pērā i te hurihanga o te tryptophan ki te serotonin, te pakaru rānei o te glycine ki te serine.
Haunga tōna tūranga i roto i te pākia o ngā waikawa amino, kei roto hoki te PLP i te hanganga o ngā neurotransmitters pērā i te dopamine, te norepinephrine, me te gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). He mea nui ēnei neurotransmitters mō te mahi tika o te roro, ā, kei roto hoki i te whakahaere i te kare ā-roto, te hinengaro, me te tuku tohu i waenga i ngā pūtau io.
Hei tāpiritanga, he mea nui te PLP mō te hanga i te heme, he wāhanga o te hemoglobin e kitea ana i roto i ngā toto toto whero. Ko te hemoglobin te kawenga mō te kawe i te hāora puta noa i te tinana, e mea nui ai te PLP mō te pupuri i ngā taumata hāora noa me te whakarite kia tika te mahi a ngā momo okana me ngā kiko.
Nā tōna hiranga i roto i ngā tukanga matū koiora maha, i ētahi wā ka tūtohutia te tāpiringa PLP mō ngā tāngata whai mate hauora, ngoikore rānei e pā ana ki te pākia o te huaora B6. Kei te wātea mai i roto i te ahua tāpiringa, ā, ka taea te tohu e ngā kaiwhakarato hauora mō ngā hiahia motuhake.
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Reductase, glutathione CAS:9001-48-3
Ko te Glutathione reductase he whākōkī e whai wāhi nui ana ki te pupuri i te taurite o te glutathione kua whakaitihia me te glutathione kua waikurahia (GSH/GSSG) i roto i ngā pūtau. Ko te Glutathione he tripeptide i titoa mai i ngā waikawa amino glycine, cysteine, me te glutamate. He antioxidant nui tōna mahi, ā, e whai wāhi ana ki ngā tukanga pūtau maha, tae atu ki te tango i ngā paitini, te hanga me te whakatika i te DNA, me te hanga pūmua.
Mā te Glutathione reductase ka whakaitihia te glutathione kua whakakōkīhia (GSSG) ki tōna āhua whakaitihia (GSH) mā te whakamahi i te NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) hei tauhohenga. He mea nui tēnei tauhohenga hei pupuri i te āhua whakaiti o te glutathione i roto i ngā pūtau, nā te mea ka taea e te GSSG te kohikohi i te aroaro o te ahotea whakakōkī.
Mā te pupuri i te ōwehenga tika o te GSH ki te GSSG, ka āwhina te glutathione reductase ki te tiaki i ngā pūtau mai i te kino waikura i puta mai i ngā momo hāora tauhohe (ROS) me ētahi atu ngota kino. He kaitākaro matua ia i roto i te pūnaha parepare waikura o ngā pūtau.
Hei tāpiri, kei roto hoki te glutathione reductase i te hangarua o te glutathione disulfide (GSSG) i hangaia i roto i ngā tukanga pākia, kia wātea ai te glutathione kua whakaitihia (GSH) mō āna mahi maha i roto i ngā pūtau.
