-
popso disodium CAS:108321-07-9
Ko te tote disodium Piperazine-N,N'-bis(2-hydroxypropanesulphonic acid) he matū matū e titoa ana i te piperazine, ngā rōpū bis(2-hydroxypropanesulphonic acid), me ngā iona konutai e rua. He mea whakamahi noa hei kaihoko ārai me te kaiwhakahaere pH i roto i ngā mahi ahumahi me ngā mahi taiwhanga. Ka āwhina te matū ki te pupuri i tētahi pH motuhake i roto i ngā otinga, ā, ka whai hua i roto i ngā tukanga pēnei i te purenga pūmua, te koiora ngota, me te rangahau rongoā. Hei tāpiri, ka taea hoki e ia te mahi hei kaihoko chelating mō ngā iona konganuku me te whakaū i te mahi whākōkī i roto i ētahi tauhohenga matū koiora.
-
Tote konutai waikawa 3-Morpholino-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic CAS:79803-73-9
Ko te tote konutai waikawa 3-Morpholino-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic, e mōhiotia ana ko te tote konutai MES, he matū e whakamahia whānuitia ana hei ārai i roto i ngā rangahau koiora me te matū koiora.
He pūhui zwitterionic te MES e mahi ana hei kaiwhakahaere pH, e pupuri ana i te pumau o te pH i roto i ngā pūnaha whakamātautau maha. He tino wairewa i roto i te wai, ā, ko te uara pKa he 6.15 pea, he pai mō te pūhui i te awhe pH o te 5.5 ki te 7.1.
He maha ngā whakamahinga o te tote konutai MES i roto i ngā tikanga koiora ngota pēnei i te wehenga DNA me te RNA, ngā whakamātautau whākōkī, me te purenga pūmua. Ka whakamahia hoki i roto i ngā pāpāho whakatipu pūtau hei pupuri i te taiao pH pumau mō te tipu me te horapa o ngā pūtau.
Ko tētahi āhuatanga nui o te MES ko tōna pumau i raro i ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me te ātete ki ngā huringa o te pāmahana. Nā tēnei ka pai mō te whakamahi i roto i ngā whakamātautau e tika ana kia puta ngā huringa pāmahana.
He pai ake ki ngā kairangahau te tote konutai MES hei ārai nā te mea he iti noa te whakararuraru i ngā tauhohenga whākōkī, ā, he nui te kaha ārai i roto i tōna awhe pH tino pai.
-
X-GAL CAS:7240-90-6 Utu Kaihanga
Ko te 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-D-galactoside (X-Gal) he matū chromogenic e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā mahi koiora ngota me te matū koiora. He whānuitia te whakamahinga mō te kimi i te ira lacZ, e whakamārama ana i te whākōkī β-galactosidase.
-
1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-acetyl-D-mannopyranose CAS:25941-03-1
Ko te 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-acetyl-D-mannopyranose he matū i ahu mai i te D-mannose, he huka māmā. He matū irahiko tēnei e honoa ana ngā rōpū acetyl ki te rima o ngā rōpū hydroxyl e ono kei roto i te ngota mannose. Ko tēnei momo acetylated o te D-mannose e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te hanga rauropi me te rangahau matū hei poraka hanga, hei rauemi tīmatanga rānei mō te hanga i ngā ngota uaua ake. Ka whakaratohia e ngā rōpū acetyl te pumau, ā, ka taea te whakarerekē i te tauhohenga me ngā āhuatanga o te matū.
-
1,2,3,4-Di-O-Isopropylidene-alpha-D-galactopyranose CAS:4064-06-6
Ko te 1,2:3,4-Di-O-isopropylidene-D-galactopyranose he matū e pā ana ki te whānau o ngā matū galactopyranose. He mea whakamahi noa i roto i te matū waro hei ārai i ngā rōpū hydroxyl kei roto i ngā huka, inā koa ko te galactose. Ka hangaia te matū mā te tauhohe i te D-galactose ki te acetone hei hanga i tētahi matū diacetone, kātahi ka rongoatia ki te waikawa hei hanga i te matū di-O-isopropylidene. Ka tiakina e tēnei matū ngā rōpū hydroxyl, ka ārai i ngā tauhohenga kāore e hiahiatia i te wā o te hanganga matū, ā, ka taea te tango motuhake hei whakaora i te matū taketake. Nā tōna hanganga kiato me tōna pumau ka whai hua i roto i ngā tono maha i roto i te mara o te hanganga waro.
-
PNPG CAS:3150-24-1 Utu Kaihanga
Ko te PNPG, ko te p-nitrophenyl β-D-glucopyranoside rānei, he matūriki ngota iti e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā whakamātautau matū koiora hei ine i te mahi a ngā whākōkī glucosidase. Kāore he tae, kāore hoki e kanapa, engari i te wā e waimeha ai e te glucosidase, ka hurihia hei p-nitrophenol, he kōwhai te tae, ā, he ngāwari te kite mā te spectrophotometric.
-
ONPG CAS:369-07-3 Utu Kaihanga
Ko te O-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG) he matū hangai e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā whakamātautau koiora matū me te koiora ngota hei ine i te mahi a te whākōkī β-galactosidase. He mea whakamahi noa i roto i ngā whakamātautau hei kite i te whakaaturanga ira i roto i ngā pūnaha huakita, pērā i te Escherichia coli. Ko te ONPG he matū kore tae ka tapahia e te β-galactosidase, ka puta he matū kōwhai, ko te o-nitrophenol. Ka taea te ine i te tae kōwhai i puta mā te spectrophotometric, ka whakarato i te ine ā-kore o te mahi whākōkī. Ko te whakamātautau e whakamahi ana i te ONPG e kiia ana ko te whakamātautau ONPG, ā, he tikanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te rangahau koiora ngota hei aromatawai i ngā taumata whakaaturanga o ngā ira e whakahaerehia ana e te lac operon i roto i ngā pūtau huakita.
-
Nitrotetrazolium Pūhaumāota kikorangi CAS: 298-83-9
Ko te Nitrotetrazolium Blue Chloride (NBT) he tohu redox e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā whakamātautau koiora me te matū koiora. He paura kōwhai mārama ka huri ki te kikorangi ina whakaitihia, ā, he mea whai hua mō te kite i te aroaro o ētahi whākōkī me te mahi pākia.
Ka tauhohe te NBT ki ngā kaikawe irahiko me ngā whākōkī pērā i ngā dehydrogenase, e whai wāhi ana ki ngā tukanga pūtau maha. Ina whakaitihia te NBT e ēnei whākōkī, ka puta he putunga formazan kikorangi, e taea ai te kite ā-kanohi, ā-ira-whakaahua rānei.
He mea whakamahi noa tēnei matū i roto i ngā whakamātautau pēnei i te whakamātautau whakaiti NBT, hei aromatawai i te mahi pahū manawa o ngā pūtau ārai mate. Ka taea hoki te whakamahi hei ako i ngā mahi whākōkī me ngā ara pākia i roto i ngā rangahau e pā ana ki te ahotea waikura, te oranga o te pūtau, me te rerekētanga o te pūtau.
Kua kitea ngā whakamahinga o te NBT i roto i ngā momo mara, tae atu ki te koiora moroiti, te ārai mate, me te koiora pūtau. He maha ngā whakamahinga, he pumau, he ngāwari hoki te whakamahi, ā, he mea rongonui mō ngā tikanga whakamātautau maha.
-
HATU CAS:148893-10-1 Utu Kaihanga
Ko te HATU (1-[bis(dimethylamino)methylene]-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridinium 3-oxid hexafluorophosphate) he matū honohono e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te hanga peptide me te matū waro.
-
D-fucose CAS:3615-37-0 Utu Kaihanga
Ko te D-fucose he monosaccharide, he huka waro-ono rānei, nō te rōpū huka māmā e kiia nei ko ngā hexoses. He isomer o te glucose, he rerekē te hanganga o te rōpū hydroxyl kotahi.
Kei roto i ngā momo rauropi maha te D-fucose, tae atu ki ngā huakita, ngā harore, ngā tipu, me ngā kararehe. He mahi nui tāna i roto i ētahi tukanga koiora, pērā i te tohu pūtau, te piri o ngā pūtau, me te hanga glycoprotein. He wāhanga ia o ngā glycolipids, ngā glycoprotein, me ngā proteoglycans, e whai wāhi ana ki te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero me te mōhiotanga mai i ngā pūtau ki ngā pūtau.
I roto i te tangata, ka whai wāhi hoki te D-fucose ki te hanga koiora o ngā hanganga glycan nui, pērā i ngā antigens Lewis me ngā antigens rōpū toto, e pā ana ki te hototahitanga o te whakawhiti toto me te ngāwari ki te mate.
Ka taea te tiki i te D-fucose mai i ngā momo pūtake, tae atu ki te rimu, ngā tipu, me te whakapūtanga moroiti. Ka whakamahia i roto i ngā rangahau me ngā tono hauora, tae atu ki te hanga i ētahi rongoā me ngā matū whakaora.
-
DDT CAS:3483-12-3 Utu Kaihanga
Ko te DL-Dithiothreitol, e mōhiotia ana ko te DTT, he matū whakaiti e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā rangahau koiora matū me te koiora ngota. He ngota iti tēnei me te rōpū thiol (kei roto he whanariki) i ia pito.
He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia te DTT hei wawahi i ngā here disulfide i roto i ngā pūmua, ka āwhina i te whakatuwhera, i te whakakore rānei i a rātou. He mea nui tēnei whakaiti i ngā here disulfide i roto i ngā tikanga taiwhanga maha pērā i te purenga pūmua, te electrophoresis gel, me ngā rangahau hanganga pūmua. Ka taea hoki te whakamahi i te DTT hei tiaki i ngā rōpū thiol me te ārai i te waikura i roto i ngā tukanga whakamātautau.
Ko te tikanga ka tāpirihia te DTT ki ngā otinga whakamātautau i roto i ngā kukū iti, ā, ko tōna mahi e whakawhirinaki ana ki te aroaro o te hāora. He mea nui kia āta whakahaerea te DTT nā te mea he tairongo ki te hau, te wera, me te makuku, ka taea te whakaiti i tōna whai huatanga.
-
D-(+)-Galactose CAS:59-23-4 Utu Kaihanga
He huka monosaccharide te D-(+)-Galactose, ā, he wāhanga nui o ngā tukanga koiora maha. He huka tūturu e kitea ana i roto i ngā kai maha, pērā i ngā hua rākau, ngā hua miraka, me ngā huawhenua.
Ka whakapūngaohia te galactose i roto i te tinana mā roto i tētahi raupapa o ngā tauhohenga whākōkī. He mahi nui tāna i roto i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero pūtau, te whakaputa pūngao, me te hanga koiora o ngā ngota nui pēnei i te glycolipids, te glycoproteins, me te lactose.
Mō ōna whakamahinga, e whakamahia whānuitia ana te D-(+)-Galactose i roto i te koiora moroiti me te hangarau koiora hei pūtake waro i roto i ngā pāpāho whakatipu mō te tipu o ngā momo moroiti. E whakamahia ana hoki i roto i te hanga o ngā momo matū koiora, ngā rongoā, me ngā hua kai. Hei tāpiri, e whakamahia pinepinetia ana hei kaihoko tātaritanga hauora, inā koa i roto i ngā whakamātautau mō te aromatawai i te mahi ate me te kimi i ngā mate ira e pā ana ki te pākia o te galactose.
